Whole-genome resequencing dataset of global Spirodela polyrhiza populations

This dataset comprises whole-genome resequencing data from 183 globally distributed individuals of Spirodela polyrhiza (greater duckweed), a predominantly clonal aquatic plant species characterized by low genetic diversity. The dataset includes both variant and invariant sites generated using GATK best-practices pipelines and provides high-confidence SNP calls across the genome.The data were used to investigate patterns of nucleotide diversity, selective constraint (πN/πS, dN/dS), transposable element insertion polymorphisms (TIPs), and genomic signatures of local adaptation. Environmental association analyses (GEA), selective sweep scans (SweeD), Tajima’s D, and window-based population genomic statistics were performed using this dataset. Raw sequencing reads have been deposited in NCBI SRA, and processed VCF files and derived genomic statistics are provided here.