Most-parsimonious linear mixed-effects models of Cape gannet behavioural parameters fitted by restricted maximum likelihood.

M: Coefficient reflective of male behaviour. These used the logarithm of foraging trip duration, nest attendance duration and provisioning rate of breeding adult birds at Bird Island, Algoa Bay, as a function of chick age as a continuous number, adult sex, adult sex interacting with chick age, time of bout initiation and adult body condition index (Model T1, N2 and Tf1; Table 1). Model parameter estimates (P) represent the directional effect of the predictors relative to their reference category. Time is a factor divided into one-hour bins. Most-parsimonious linear mixed-effects models of Cape gannet behavioural parameters fitted by restricted maximum likelihood.