Data from: Genomic conflict drives patterns of X-linked population structure in Drosophila neotestacea

Intra-genomic conflict has the potential to cause widespread changes in
patterns of genetic diversity and genome evolution. In this study, we
investigate the consequences of sex-ratio (SR) drive on the population
genetic patterns of the X-chromosome in Drosophila neotestacea. An SR
X-chromosome prevents the maturation of Y-bearing sperm during male
spermatogenesis, and thus is transmitted to ~100% of the offspring, nearly
all of which are daughters. Selection on the rest of the genome to
suppress sex-ratio can be strong, and the resulting conflict over the
offspring sex ratio can result in the accumulation of multiple loci on the
X-chromosome that are necessary for expression of drive. We surveyed
variation at 12 random X-linked microsatellites across 16 populations of
D. neotestacea that range in SR frequency from 0-30%. First, every locus
was differentiated between SR and wild-type chromosomes, and this drives
genetic structure at the X-chromosome. Once the association with sex-ratio
is accounted for, the patterns of differentiation among populations are
similar to the autosomes. Second, within wild-type chromosomes the
relative heterozygosity is reduced in populations with an increased
prevalence of drive, and the heterozygosity of SR chromosomes is higher
than expected based on its prevalence. The combination of the relatively
high prevalence of SR drive and the structuring of polymorphism between
the SR and wild-type chromosomes suggests that genetic conflict due to SR
drive has had significant consequences on the patterns of X-linked
polymorphism and thus also likely affects the tempo of X-chromosome
evolution in D. neotestacea.