Spatially resolved operando-XRD of single-/multi-layer pilot-line Li-ion pouch full cells

We seek to image large pilot line fabricated pouch cells with industrially relevant high-areal-capacity cathodes, comparing between single-/multi-layer cells, a clear step beyond previous studies using non-optimum or smaller cells, where for the same chemistry the electrochemical performance is observed to differ based on cell architecture. We will study fresh and aged pouch cells to identify if/where manufacturing induced physicochemical defects (such as trapped/inactive Li in a fatigued state) occurs in these cells under the same cycling conditions, providing direct quantification of performance of real world battery operation without the need to extrapolate from model cells. This is directly relevant to Li-ion battery industry, as the findings will facilitate optimisation of cell manufacture helping to drive the transition to electric vehicles.