Photophysiology and molecular responses of the soft coral Sarcophyton cf glaucum exposed to heat and high light stress
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An experiment testing different temperatures (26 vs 32 ºC) and light intensities (high light HL and low light LL, ∼662 and 253 µmol photons m<sup>-2</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>) was carried out using the soft coral <em>Sarcophyton</em> cf <em>glaucum</em> (leather coral) as model species. In summary, corals were exposed to the different light intensities for 30 days (Photoacclimation, time-point 1) and a subsequent marine heatwave simulation was carried out for 10 days (Marine heatwave, time-point 2). Subsequently, corals were returned to control temperature and allowed to recover for 30 days (Recovery, time-point 3). Photophysiological performance (maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), a measure of photosynthetic activity; dark-level fluorescence (F<sub>0</sub>), as a proxy of chlorophyll <em>a</em> content; and zooxanthellae density) and stress biomarkers (total protein, catalase - CAT, superoxide dismutase - SOD, glutathione-S-transferase - GST, total antioxidant capacity - TAC, lipid peroxidation - LPO, ubiquitin - UBI, and heat shock protein 70 - Hsp70) were assessed in corals at these three time-points.



