Ring species dynamics in California mygalomorph spiders (Nemesiidae, Calisoga)

Idealized ring species, with approximately continuous gene flow around a geographic barrier but singular reproductive isolation at a ring terminus, are rare in nature. A broken ring species model preserves the geographic setting and fundamental features of an idealized model but accommodates varying degrees of gene flow restriction over complex landscapes through evolutionary time. Here we examine broken ring species dynamics in Calisoga spiders, which like classic Ensatina salamanders, are distributed around the Central Valley of California. Using nuclear and mitogenomic data we test key predictions of common ancestry, ring-like biogeography, biogeographic timing, population connectivity and terminal overlap. We show that a ring complex of populations shares a single common ancestor, and from an ancestral area in the Sierra Nevada mountains, two distributional and phylogenomic arms encircle the Central Valley. Isolation by distance occurs along these distributional arms, although gene ..., , , # Ring species dynamics in California mygalomorph spiders (Nemesiidae, *Calisoga*)

**Citation:**
Monjaraz-Ruedas, R., Starret, J., Dean Leavitt, D., Hedin, M. 2024. Broken ring speciation in California mygalomorph spiders (Nemesiidae, Calisoga). The American Naturalist.

**Authors:**
Rodrigo Monjaraz-Ruedas, James Starrett, Dean Leavitt, Marshal Hedin

**Overview:**
In this manucript we examine broken ring species dynamics in *Calisoga* spiders, which are distributed around the Central Valley of California. Using nuclear and mitogenomic data we test key predictions of common ancestry, ring-like biogeography, biogeographic timing, population connectivity and terminal overlap. This repository contains input data, output files, alignments, SNP data and scripts used for analyses described in detail in the Methods section of the manuscript.

**Contact:** For questions or issues related with code, data and analysis:
Rodrigo Monjaraz-Ruedas - [[e-mail]](mailto:[e-mail]...