Association between blood mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number and renal cell carcinoma risk (overall and stratified by sex and race) in the Kidney Cancer Study, 2002–2007.

Abbreviations: mtDNA = mitochondrial DNA; NCa = number of cases; NCo = number of controls; OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; SD = standard deviation; Q1 = quartile 1; Q2 = quartile 2; Q3 = quartile 3; Q4 = quartile 4.1Odds ratio computed from unconditional logistic regression models adjusted for study center, age group, sex (except for sex-specific models), race (except for race-specific models), education level, BMI, smoking status, and history of hypertension.2Standard deviation = 0.27.3Quartile 1 split into two subcategories using intra-quartile median (i.e., twelfth-and-a-half percentile) among controls as cutpoint.