BMP-Dependent Modulation of ROS Generation and Scavenging Controls Interdigital Cell Death [RNA-seq: Noggin]

Programmed cell death plays a vital role in shaping limb morphology in amniotes. BMP signaling has been shown to be essential for inducing interdigital cell death, but its relationship with reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, a known driver of this process, remains unclear. Here, we explore the molecular mechanisms by which BMP signaling regulates ROS production and cell death in the interdigital regions of chicken hindlimbs. To identify the ROS-producing cascade genes regulated by BMP signaling, we performed RNA-Seq of the interdigital region with PBS or Noggin bead implantation in chicken hindlimb buds. Subsequently, we performed RNA-seq of the interdigital region from stage 30 to stage 31 chicken hindlimb buds to analyze temporal expression changes of ROS-related genes during the normal progression of interdigital cell death in chicken hindlimbs. This study provides new insights into the ROS-mediated mechanisms of BMP-driven programmed cell death, highlighting the coordinated regulation of ROS generation and scavenging in limb morphogenesis. Overall design: RNA sequencing of interdigital region 3 (ID3) tissue implanted beads soaked in Noggin (left or right) or PBS (right or left) for 12 hours.