A dataset of carbon and water fluxes in the winter wheat and summer maize rotation ecosystem at Gucheng Station (2020–2022)

Hebei Gucheng Agricultural Meteorology National Observation and Research Station (Gucheng Station) is one of the national field scientific observation and research stations approved by the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST). It is located in the irrigated high-yield agricultural area in the northern part of the North China Plain, and it is a typical North China winter wheat-summer maize rotation system. Based on the eddy covariance technique, the observation of cropland ecosystem carbon and water fluxes has been carried out in Gucheng Station for a long time. Following the ChinaFLUX data processing protocols, this dataset collected the carbon and water fluxes and auxiliary meteorological environment observations of winter wheat and summer maize rotation ecosystem in Gucheng station from 2020 to 2022, forming a standardized dataset. This dataset has important scientific significance and practical application value in the assessment of farmland ecosystem carbon budget, water resources utilization, and the mitigation of the impact of adverse meteorological conditions on farmland ecosystems and agricultural production.