4D quantification of vesiculation kinetics and simulation of conduit dynamics for magma ascent

The vesiculation process affects the rheological properties of magma and, hence, the dynamics of magma ascent and eruptive style. Nano-scale crystals (‘nanolites’) may influence vesiculation during ascent within volcanic conduits and ultimately, explosivity.Their impact on vesiculation has not yet been directly observed and quantified. Here we propose vesiculation experiments with an in situ view at micron-scale, to study for the first time, the nucleation and growth of bubbles in nanolite-free magmas and a nanolite-bearing magmas at high temperature, under water-saturated conditions. We will combine synchrotron x-ray microtomography with a unique customized 3D conduit apparatus to simulate magma ascent dynamics within volcanic conduits at temperatures of ≤1200 °C. The results are fundamental for understanding the rheological evolution of magmas during ascent, eruptive style, and the mitigation of the associated volcanic risk.