Global Ensemble Fire Emission Product Version 1.0 (EnsemFire V1.0)

The EnsemFire dataset is a daily global 0.1° × 0.1° biomass burning emission dataset stored in the Network Common Data Form (NetCDF). The dataset includes ensemble mean estimates for a range of chemical species emitted from biomass burning, as well as their corresponding standard deviations. Specifically, the file contains variables for PM2.5, BC, OC, CO, NH3, NOx, SO2, CO2 and CH4, and FRP. For each species, the ensemble mean is provided in units of kg s⁻¹ m⁻², except for FRP which is given in megawatts (MW). Standard deviation fields are included to represent the spread across ensemble members, aiding uncertainty quantification. The data is available from 2012 to 2021, with a filename of EnsemFire_v1.0_YYYYMMDD.nc, where YYYYMMDD denotes the calendar date in the format of four-digit year (YYYY), two-digit month (MM), and two-digit day (DD). The data is structured on a regular latitude–longitude grid with dimensions of 1791 grid points in latitude and 3600 in longitude, covering the global domain. The temporal dimension includes a single time step representing one full day. The time variable is defined in hours since YYYY-MM-DD 00:00:00 using the Gregorian calendar. All variables use a fill value of -9999 to indicate missing or undefined data. The coordinate variables include latitude (in degrees north), longitude (in degrees east), and time. The dataset integrates seven widely used biomass burning emission inventories: five global datasets (GFAS, FINN, FEER, QFED, GBBEPx) and two regional products (EPA and CFFEPS). By applying an ensemble approach, EnsemFire addresses the substantial variability and uncertainty across individual inventories, offering a more robust and consistent emission estimate.