Census Of State and Federal Adult Correctional Facilities, 2012

The 2012 Census of State and Federal Correctional Facilities (CSFCF) was the eighth enumeration of state institutions and the fifth enumeration of federal institutions sponsored by the Bureau of Justice Statistics and its predecessors. Earlier censuses were conducted in 1974, 1979 (ICPSR 7852), 1984 (ICPSR 8444), 1990 (ICPSR 9908), 1995 (ICPSR 6953), 2000 (ICPSR 4021), and 2005 (ICPSR 24642). For each facility in the 2012 census, information was provided on security level, facility operator, sex of inmates housed, one-day counts by sex, percentage of inmates authorized to leave the facility, and anticipated changes to or closures of the facility. The census counted prisoners held in the facilities, a custody count. Some inmates in custody in one jurisdiction may be held for a different jurisdiction. The custody count is distinct from a count of inmates under a correctional authority's jurisdiction, which includes all inmates over whom a correctional authority exercises control, regardless of where the inmate is housed. A jurisdictional count is more inclusive than a prison custody count and includes state and federal prisoners housed in local jails or other non-correctional facilities.

2012年国家及联邦矫正设施普查（CSFCF）是司法统计局及其前身所赞助的第8次省级机构普查以及第5次联邦机构普查。早前的普查分别在1974年、1979年（ICPSR 7852）、1984年（ICPSR 8444）、1990年（ICPSR 9908）、1995年（ICPSR 6953）、2000年（ICPSR 4021）和2005年（ICPSR 24642）进行。在2012年的普查中，对于每一个设施，均提供了关于安全级别、设施运营者、关押在押人员的性别、按性别划分的每日人数统计、获准离开设施在押人员的百分比以及设施变更或关闭的预期变化等信息。普查统计了在设施中关押的囚犯，即羁押人数。某些羁押在某一司法管辖区内的在押人员可能被关押在另一个司法管辖区。羁押人数的统计与矫正当局管辖范围内的在押人数统计不同，后者包括所有矫正当局行使控制权的在押人员，无论其关押地点。司法管辖区统计比监狱羁押人数统计更为全面，它包括在地方监狱或其他非矫正设施中关押的州级和联邦囚犯。