Rats were induced to heart failure using trans aortic constriction. After a 20% reduction in ejection fraction, rats in the experimental group received therapeutic vagus nerve stimulation. Fecal sampl
Rats were induced to heart failure using trans aortic constriction. After a 20% reduction in ejection fraction, rats in the experimental group received therapeutic vagus nerve stimulation. Fecal sampl
Chronic systolic heart failure (HF) is a prevalent and morbid disease with marked variability in its progression and response to therapies. The gut microbiome may play a role in pathophysiology and pr