Genetic legacies of mega-landslides: Cycles of isolation and contact across flank collapses in an oceanic island

Catastrophic flank collapses are recognised as important drivers of insular biodiversity dynamics, through the disruption of species ranges and subsequent allopatric divergence. However, little empirical data supports this conjecture, with their evolutionary consequences remaining poorly understood. Using genome-wide data within a population genomics and phylogenomics framework, we evaluate how mega-landslides have impacted evolutionary and demographic history within a species complex of weevils (Curculionidae) within the Canary Island of Tenerife. We reveal a complex genomic landscape, within which individuals of single ancestry were sampled in areas characterised by long-term geological stability, relative to the timing of flank collapses. By contrast, individuals of admixed ancestry were almost exclusively sampled within the boundaries of flank collapses. Estimated divergence times among ancestral populations aligned with the timings of mega-landslide events. Our results provide the ..., Representative geographical sampling from the Tenerife species of the L. tessellatus complex was achieved by complementing previous sampling from Faria et al. (2016) and García-Olivares et al. (2017) with 74 specimens from 61 new localities. This additional sampling effort gave rise to a total of 126 individuals from 102 sites in Tenerife (Table S1). We also included 5 individuals from the L. tessellatus complex, belonging to a sister clade from the nearby island of Gran Canaria (García-Olivares et al., 2019), as an outgroup.
We extracted DNA using the Qiagen DNeasy Blood & Tissue kit following the manufacturer’s instructions. DNA was processed using the double-digestion restriction-site associated DNA sequencing protocol (ddRADseq, Peterson et al., 2012) as described in Mastretta-Yanes et al. (2015) and García-Olivares et al. (2019). In brief, DNA was digested with the restriction enzymes MseI and EcoRI (New England Biolabs, Ipswich, MA, USA). Genomic libraries were pooled at equim..., , This README file was generated on 2024-03-06 by Víctor Noguerales.

**GENERAL INFORMATION**

**1. Title of Dataset:** *Genetic legacies of mega-landslides: Cycles of isolation and contact across flank collapses in an oceanic island*

**2. Author Information**

Authors and institution for correspondence:

Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología (IPNA-CSIC), San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Canary Islands, Spain

Víctor Noguerales, email: *[[e-mail]](mailto:[e-mail]), [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3185-778X](https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3185-778X)*

Brent C. Emerson, email: *[[e-mail]](mailto:[e-mail]), [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4067-9858](https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4067-9858)*

**3. Date of data collection (single date, range, approximate date):** 2014-2017

**4. Geographic location of data collection:** Tenerife and Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain

**5. Information about funding sources that supported the collection of...