Human Protein Atlas - Blood

Plasma is the clear, liquid fraction of the blood which remains when the white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets are removed. It is composed of water (90%), proteins (7-8%), and smaller substances such as salts, gases, and nutrients. Plasma performs several vital functions, including transportation of essential compounds needed in different parts of the body, balancing the fluid exchange of all tissues by regulating the osmotic pressure, and as a key player in the immune system. Most cells in the body communicate with plasma directly or indirectly through other fluids. Analysis of the proteins present in plasma can therefore provide important information about a patient\'s health.
In this Human Protein Atlas resource, we focus on the protein levels in blood of both healthy individuals and patients diagnosed with various diseases. These analyses are performed with antibody-based proximity extension assay and mass spectrometry-based proteomics. Here you can explore:

the levels of more than 1000 proteins in plasma across 59 diseases
the longitudinal plasma levels of blood proteins in healthy individuals
the levels of plasma proteins using immune assays and proteomics

血浆为血液中去除白细胞、红细胞和血小板后所残留的清澈液体部分。其成分主要包括水（90%）、蛋白质（7-8%）以及盐、气体和营养素等较小分子物质。血浆执行多项至关重要的功能，如运输身体不同部位所需的必需化合物、通过调节渗透压平衡所有组织的液体交换，并在免疫系统扮演关键角色。大多数细胞通过与血浆的直接或间接接触，通过其他体液进行通讯。因此，对血浆中蛋白质的分析能够提供有关患者健康状况的重要信息。在本人类蛋白质图谱资源中，我们专注于健康个体和被诊断为各种疾病的患者血液中的蛋白质水平。这些分析采用基于抗体的邻近扩展实验和基于质谱的蛋白质组学技术进行。在这里，您可以探索：
- 59种疾病中血浆中超过1000种蛋白质的水平
- 健康个体血液蛋白的纵向水平
- 使用免疫检测和蛋白质组学方法测定的血浆蛋白水平。