TABLE 3 in Bark anatomy of lianescent Bignoniaceae: a generic synopsis

TABLE 3. — Unique traits (potential synapomorphies) for Bignoniaceae liana lineages. *, trait is present in many, but not all species analyzed and needs more sampling to determine its distribution. Numberin Fig. 20FeatureClade1Phloem wedgesTribe Bignonieae2Fibrous or semi-fibrous phloemFridericia and allies clade3Multiple of four phloem wedgesMultiples of four clade, Lundia, Adenocalymma *4Included phloem wedgesAmphilophium (Pithecoctenieae clade)5Prismatic crystals in the phellemAmphilophium crucigerum6Storied structureAmphilophium, Dolichandra, Perianthomega7Intraxylary phloemCampsis8Scattered fibers in the phloemCampsis9Multiple dissected phloem wegdes, non-lignified parenchyma in woodDolichandra (Cat’s claw clade)10Phloem fibers tangentially elongatedManaosella11Four conspicuous phloem arcsPerianthomega12Fibers absent in the regular phloem, sclereids found insteadPleonotoma13Fibers absent in the phloem, sclereids found insteadPodranea14Hollow stemStizophyllum15Limiting rays without lateral stepsTanaecium (Bromeliad-like clade)16Symmetrical lateral steps on both sides of the phloem wedgesTynanthus - Cuspidaria clade