Comparative whole-exome and UTR sequencing of non-muscle invasive urothelial carcinomas and metachronous muscle invasive urothelial carcinomas of the urinary bladder.

The molecular mechanism of progression of non-muscle invasive to muscle invasive bladder cancer is not fully understood. To identify progression related mutations in bladder cancer we sequenced the whole exome and UTR's of the MIBC from 11 patients with progressive disease. From 8 of these patients we sequenced the matched primary or recurrent NMIBC. Mononuclear cells from all patients were sequenced to exclude germline mutations.