Summary of included studies.

*Sample size calculated excluding non-active controls; brackets indicate final number used in evaluation, if reported.
APAI: Acholi Psychosocial Assessment Instrument; BASC: Behaviour Assessment System for Children; BEI: Brief Ethnographic Interviewing; BHS: Beck Hopelessness Scale; CAFAS: Child and Adolescent Functional Assessment Scale; CAPS: Clinical-Administered PTSD Scale; CATS: Cultural Adjustment and Trauma Services; CBT: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy; CCPT: Child-Centered Play Therapy; CCT: Controlled Clinical Trial; CDI: Children's Depression Inventory; CEW: Creative Expression Workshops; CGAS: Child Global Assessment Scale; CIDI: Composite International Diagnostic Interview; CISM: Critical Incident Stress Management; CP: Creative Play as developed by War Child Holland; CPTSD-RI: Child Post Traumatic Stress Reaction Index; CSCS: Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale; DSRS: Depression Self-Rating Scale; DYSIPS: Diagnostic Symptom for Psychological Disorders; ESL: English as a Second Language; FACES: Family, Adult and Child Enhancement Services; HSCL: Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25;HTQ: Harvard Trauma Questionnaire; IDP: Internally displaced person; IES: Impact of Events Scale; IPT: Interpersonal therapy; KHS: Kazdin Hopelessness Scale; KIDNET: Narrative Exposure Therapy adapted for children; K-SADS: Kids Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia; MINI: Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview; NET: Narrative Exposure Therapy; PDS: Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale; PRPS: Parent Report of Posttraumatic Symptoms; PSSA: Psychosocial Structured Activities Program; PTSD-RI: PTSD Reaction Index; PWA: Adolescent Post-War Adversities Scale-Somali Version; RCMAS: Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale; RCT: Randomised Clinical Trial; R-IES: Revised Impact of Events Scale; RSET: Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale; SEI: Self-Esteem Inventory; SDQ: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire; TF-CBT: Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behaviour Therapy; TGIC: Trauma Grief Inventory for Children; TRF: Achenbach's Teacher's Report Form; TSCC: Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children; TSCL: Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children; TST: Trauma Systems Therapy; UPID: UCLA PTSD Index for DSM-IV;WTQ: VWAES: Violence, War and Abduction Exposure Scale; War Trauma Questionnaire; WTSS: War Trauma Screening Scale.