XBT water column temperature data collected in the Southern Ocean between New Zealand and the Ross Sea during the austral summers from 1994/1995 to 2023/2024

This dataset includes vertical temperature profiles collected in the Southern Ocean, between New Zealand and the Ross Sea, during the austral summers from 1994/1995 to 2023/2024. Data were collected during several cruises on board the Italica, Araon and Laura Bassi research vessels, in the framework of the Climatic Long-term Interaction for the Mass balance in Antarctica (CLIMA), Southern Ocean Chokepoints Italian Contribution (SOChIC), and Marine Observatory of the Ross Sea (MORSea) projects, funded by the Italian National Antarctic Research Program (PNRA). Sippican T5 and T7 Expendable Bathythermograph (XBT) probes were used. The mean spatial resolutions ranges between 15 nm and 20 nm. However, XBT launches might have been interrupted in case of severe sea and weather conditions. This implies the possible presence of gaps in the sampling. All temperature profiles are quality controlled for consistency between adjacent profiles and through spike editing. Dataset includes corrections for both temperature and depth values based on calendar year, water temperature, and probe type, to provide bias-corrected XBT measurements. Data are provided in TXT format.