Signal functions reported to be performed by different cadres of clinicians (East, Central and Southern Africa).

Key: √: Performing and legislated; ○: Not performed but legislated #: Performing but not legislated; x: Not performed and not legislated *: Only those who had attended training in BEMOC or LSS or MVA can perform these signal functions.D = Deliveries, 1 = Parental antibiotics; 2 = Parental oxytocic drugs; 3 = Parental anticonvulsants; 4 = Manual removal of retained placenta; 5 = MVA; 6 = Assisted vaginal delivery (vacuum extraction); 7 = Newborn resuscitation; 8 = Caesarean section; 9 = Blood transfusion.*No legislative body so the tick stands for training received & perform function; x Training was not received and not performing; √: Performing but not trained; x Few performed after LSS training.