[Dataset] Innovative green composites: Material characterization of starch-based nanoscaffolds reinforced with Sargassum ilicifolium-mediated copper oxide nanostructures

This dataset provides a comprehensive physicochemical characterization of novel starch-based nanoscaffolds incorporated with copper oxide (CuO) nanostructures synthesized via a green route using Sargassum ilicifolium, a marine brown alga known for its rich phytochemical content. The bio-reduction approach enables an environmentally benign synthesis of CuO nanoparticles, promoting sustainability in nanomaterial development. A series of advanced analytical tools were employed to evaluate the structural, morphological, thermal, and optical properties of the resulting nanocomposites. UV–visible spectroscopy confirmed the successful formation of CuO nanostructures through distinct absorption peaks. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) identified key functional groups involved in the capping and stabilization of nanoparticles within the starch matrix. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed the crystalline phases of the embedded CuO, verifying their structural integrity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) provided visual insights into surface morphology and nanoparticle distribution across the scaffold. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) assessed the thermal stability and decomposition profile of the composites. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) determined the hydrodynamic size and dispersity of the nanoparticles, indicating stable colloidal behavior. Overall, this dataset offers valuable insights into the green fabrication and material profiling of bio-nanocomposites with potential applications in biomedicine, packaging, and environmental remediation.