Relevant results dataset for genetic research of fat deposition in duck subcutaneous adipose

<b>Background: </b>Fat deposition play crucial roles in human health and livestock industry. Fat deposition in subcutaneous adipose tissue impacts meat quality, unique flavor in poultry industry. However, the genetic basis of lipid biogenesis remains elusive in duck subcutaneous adipose tissue.<b>Results: </b>Herein, expression/splicing quantitative trait loci (e/sQTL) were identified based on the genotype and transcriptome datasets of a gradient consanguinity population crossbred by Pekin and Liancheng duck. Furthermore, through the integration of metabolome-based genome-wide association (mGWAS, n = 392) and cis-e/sQTL study (n = 462), we found triglycerides dominating lipid metabolites and constructed a triple genetic regulation network governing triglycerides content in duck subcutaneous adipose. Three candidate genes affecting triglycerides (TG) content were identified by using network-based gene priority strategy. Relative content of multiple triglycerides was negatively associated with <i>USP30</i> encoding a deubiquitinating enzyme targeting lipid catabolism. Furthermore, triglycerides content was also significantly associated with a shared QTL in chromosome 14, where <i>FAXDC2 </i>determined by eQTL reduced triglycerides content through stimulating cholesterol biogenesis. Meanwhile, <i>SREBF1c</i> mRNA expression was specifically associated with a sQTL was found to affect glycerolipid biogenesis. Moreover, <i>SREBF1c</i> specific expression was possibly affected through enhancer activity determined by <i>SREBF1c</i>-sQTL. Eventually, combined haplotypes for three loci indicated that haplotypes with higher TG level were associated with ~16.8% greater triglycerides.<b>Conclusions: </b>This study reveals the genetic regulation landscapes behind triglycerides deposition, and provides valuable genetic resources in duck fat breeding.