Anti-Establishment Grading of Bills: Italy and Czech Republic (2017-2022)

The dataset contains data on the holistic grading of anti-establishment salience for all bills introduced to the Italian Parliament (2018-2022) and the Czech Parliament (2017-2021). To assess how political parties contest constitutional identity through legislation, each bill in the dataset was assigned a grade on an ordinal, holistic scale of 0/1/2. This scale captures the degree to which a bill challenges or remains neutral toward the constitutional identity of the respective system. Legislative anti‑establishment behaviour consists of bills that modify a constitutional identity element (ConIDel) (grade 1) or infringe/repeal its material core (grade 2). Bills that either do not challenge the ConIDel or that touch only technicalities receive grade 0. Anchor texts for each anti-e grade and each ConIDel are prepared for each country to ensure replicability, and can be read in the article System-Affirming Tinkerers? Anti-Establishment Parties, Constitutional Identity, and Resilience in Czechia and Italy [under review], and its appendices.