The Profile of Mitochondrial Proteins and Their Phosphorylation Signaling Network in INS-1 β Cells

Mitochondria have important roles in cellular physiological functions and various diseases. In pancreatic β cells, mitochondria play a central role in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). To reveal the potential functions of mitochondria in the GSIS process in β cells, shotgun proteomics was applied to profiling mitochondrial proteins and their potential phosphorylation sites in rat INS-1 cells. More than 800 proteins were assigned to mitochondria. In addition, 84 different mitochondrial phosphoproteins were identified, and 52 upstream kinases of mitochondrial phosphoproteins were predicted using bioinformatics tools. Regulation networks of mitochondrial phosphoproteins were constructed by integrating mitochondrial protein interaction networks and mitochondrial phosphorylation signaling, providing a preliminary survey of how phosphorylation signaling regulates mitochondrial function in β cells. We present integrated resources including the protein composition and signaling pathways of mitochondria which can be used to understand the role of mitochondria in GSIS.