Male harm arises when traits that increase reproductive success in competition with other males also harm females as a side-effect. The extent of harm depends on male and female phenotypes, both of wh
How a nervous system assembles and coordinates a suite of elementary behavioral steps into a complex behavior is not well understood. While often presented as a stereotyped sequence of events, even ex
Migration among populations is widely thought to undermine adaptive divergence, assuming gene flow arises from random movement of individuals. If individuals instead differ in dispersal behavior, phen
Traits of chemically-defended animals can change as an individual grows and matures, and both theoretical and empirical evidence favour a direction of change from crypsis to aposematism. This study e
A large number of studies have identified several direct costs of sexual harassment, including energy expenditure and reduced foraging ability. However, the fitness consequences of sexual harassment o
