The relationship between the rate of mutation and the paleontological age, body size, generational change rate and fertility in the evolutionary series of mammalia through the transitive-transversive analysis

There is a significant negative correlation between the magnitude of transitive-transversive shifts at the species and generic levels of divergence, paleontological age, body size, maturation rate, and lifespan, while a positive correlation exists with litter size. This pattern of correlations suggests that families with higher metabolic rates have higher rates of accumulation of transversion frequencies, indicating a higher level of mutational activity. The directionality of these correlations allows us to conceptualize placental mammals as a bipolar system, with families of different paleontological ages, alternative biological parameters, and distinct nucleotide substitution patterns at the poles.