Supplementary Material for: Imatinib Treatment in Primary Acute Basophilic Leukemia with FIP1L1-PDGFRα Rearrangement: A Case Report

Acute Basophilic Leukemia (ABL) is a rare form of acute leukemia, defined by an elevated number of immature basophils in the peripheral blood. Clinically, it presents with skin infiltration, organ enlargement, osteolytic lesions, and elevated histamine levels and symptoms, with rapid progression and poor prognosis. Due to its rarity and the lack of specialized diagnostic tests, there is no consistent diagnostic standard. This report describes a rare case of acute basophilic leukemia that not only enhances our understanding of the clinical manifestations and pathological mechanisms of ABL, but also highlights the importance of precise diagnosis and individualized treatment. The detailed analysis of this case facilitated the identification of early symptoms of ABL, especially the relevance to the clinical manifestations of hyperhistaminemia. Meanwhile, the FIP1L1::PDGFRA fusion gene detection results strongly support the use of molecular diagnosis in ABL. In addition, the patient successfully achieved a complete response to treatment and was followed for a year and a half without relapse, thus offering valuable insights for treatment strategies in similar cases.