ECG Variables in LVSD Sri Lanka

Cases included the elderly patients who were older than 65 years and presented with LVSD (LVEF ≤ 50%, FS ≤ 29%) as diagnosed by echocardiography (4) (5) (6) with no other cardiovascular abnormality, while the control group included the individuals aged over 65 years whose LVEF ≥ 60% and admitted for receiving treatment for medical conditions other than any concurrent major cardiovascular disorders (ACS, MI, Heart Block, Carditis, etc). Accordingly, the study participants were recruited prospectively from the medical wards using purposive sampling method, from November 2020 to October 2021. Further, LVSD severity levels were defined as mild LVSD (LVEF= 41%-50%), moderate LVSD (LVEF= 31%-40%) and severe LVSD (LVEF< 30%) (18) (19). The study participants were also screened for their demographic information, medical history and concurrent risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, followed by 12 leads ECG recording.