Pre- post post-test submissions

The pre-test served as a diagnostic assessment of digital freehand drawing skills. Students used pen tablets and pressure-sensitive brushes in Adobe Photoshop to draw two interconnected, flexing boxes along a curved line, applying line work and ‘drawing through’ techniques. Construction lines were differentiated by color. As a visualization exercise, students completed the drawing entirely from imagination without a visual reference. This task was repeated in the post-test after six weeks of observational drawing practice using physical 3D-printed models of similar box forms. The goal was to determine whether repeated observation of tangible reference forms would enhance students’ internal visual representations and thereby improve the quality of their imaginative drawings.