Ethylene Tri- and Tetramerization: a Steric Parameter Selectivity Switch from X‑ray Crystallography and Computational Analysis

A steric parameter (θN‑sub) is introduced to describe the steric bulk at the nitrogen atom on a range of PNP ligands used in ethylene tri- and tetramerization. This parameter was calculated for the free ligands and different metal complexes thereof and compared to catalytic data. A specific tendency is observed for the value of θN‑sub and 1-hexene selectivity, and a slight increase in 1-octene selectivity is found with increased bulkiness of the substituents on the nitrogen atom.