[Stimulus Set] Evoking the N400 event-related potential (ERP) component using a publicly available novel set of sentences with semantically incongruent or congruent eggplants (endings)

During speech comprehension, the ongoing context of a sentence is used to predict sentence outcome by limiting subsequent word likelihood. Neurophysiologically, violations of context-dependent predictions result in amplitude modulations of the N400 event-related potential (ERP) component. While N400 is widely used to measure semantic processing and integration, no publicly available auditory stimulus set is available to standardize approaches across the field. Here, we developed an auditory stimulus set of 442 sentences that utilized the semantic anomaly paradigm, provided cloze probability for all stimuli, and was developed for both children and adults. With 20 neurotypical adults, we validated that this set elicits robust N400’s, as well as two additional semantically related ERP components: the recognition potential (~250 ms) and the late positivity component (~600 ms). This stimulus set (https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.9ghx3ffkg) and the 20 high-density (128-channel) electrophysiologi..., 2.1 Participants
Twenty-four neurotypical adults were recruited and provided written informed consent to participate in this study. Four subjects were excluded from data analysis due to failure to remain alert or to sit still during data collection (n=2), or due to noisy EEG data (n=2) (Figure S1). The remaining participants make up the fully-analyzed dataset. These twenty subjects ranged in age from 18 to 35 (mean age = 25.5 +/- 4.36), nine were female, and three were left-handed. Every participant spoke English as their first language, and twelve participants were mono-lingual while eight participants reported being bi- or multi-lingual. Demographic information for all participants, including those removed from further analysis are reported in Table 1. 
 2.2 Stimuli
The semantic anomaly paradigm consisted of 221 sentence pairs with incongruent and congruent endings, for a total of 442 stimuli in this stimulus set. However, twenty sentence pairs were eliminated before analysis because..., , # \[Stimulus Set] Evoking the N400 event-related potential (ERP) component using a publicly available novel set of sentences with semantically incongruent or congruent eggplants (endings)

## Task Description:

The task was first explained to the participant during the consent process and then again before the experimental session. Individuals were asked to refrain from excessive movement and to focus on a fixation cross throughout the task in order to reduce movement artifacts. The experimental session began by explaining the task for a third time. All instructions were presented both visually on the screen and auditorily through the headphones. Instructions were followed by two practice trials which were the same for every participant. Feedback was given about a participant’s response only during practice trials (2 example stimuli) and not during experimental trials. Trials were presented as follows: 1. A fixation cross was on the screen while an auditory sentence stimulus was present...