General characteristics of the study population and plasma calprotectin univariate and multivariate regression analysis.

The study population was divided into 4 groups on the basis of obesity (above or below 30 kg/m2) and diagnosis of type 2 diabetes (T2D): Normal glucose tolerance (NGT)/Non-obese, NGT/Obese, T2D/Non-obese and T2D/Obese. Data are presented as numbers for categorical variables and as means or geometric means with 95% confidence interval (CI) for continuous variables. #) Difference between glycemia group (NGT vs. T2D); #) p<0.05, ##) p<0.01, ###) p<0.001. *) Difference between obesity groups within each glycemia group. *) p<0.05, **) p<0.01, ***) p<0.001. For age, BMI, total fat mass, p-HDL, p-TAG, p-IL-6, and p-calprotectin, there was an interaction between glycemia group and obesity. Hence, analyses were stratified for glycemia group and only comparisons within glycemia groups are shown. As calprotectin levels were log-transformed to approximate a normal distribution, regression coefficients (RC) and 95% CIs were back-transformed, hence estimating the factor change of calprotectin level attributable to a 1-unit change in the predictor (per unit) or to a per factor-of-10 increase (pf10inc). The multivariate analysis was adjusted for age, sex, current smoking and HOMA2-IR.