Development of Business Support Measures for China's Export Activities

The initial part of this research offers a foundational theoretical analysis, charting the development of China's export promotion strategies from their early formulation to current practices. It categorizes the evolution of policy into three principal stages: the foundational reform era (1978–1990), the post-WTO integration phase (2001–2010), and the contemporary period emphasizing innovation-driven and sustainable development (2010 to the present). This section pays particular attention to pivotal instruments such as export incentives, fiscal rebates, credit support for exporters, and mechanisms for managing currency valuation. Moreover, it investigates how these instruments have been recalibrated in response to the evolving global trade environment, particularly in the face of rising protectionist tendencies and the disruptions brought about by the COVID-19 crisis.
The second segment shifts focus to the operational implementation of these export facilitation policies across different sectors and geographic areas within China. It systematically evaluates the extent to which these measures have been customized to serve specific industrial domains—including manufacturing, advanced technology, and the agricultural sector—while highlighting disparities between economically advanced coastal zones and less developed inland provinces[90]. This portion also explores the structural challenges faced by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in accessing these supports and underscores the disproportionate advantages enjoyed by large state-owned enterprises (SOEs).
In the third part, the paper assesses the broader macroeconomic outcomes engendered by these policy interventions, particularly their influence on export performance and national economic expansion. It proceeds to examine the contribution of export support schemes to China’s rising prominence in international trade, using key indicators such as gross domestic product (GDP) growth, industrial productivity, and trade surplus metrics.It also assesses the long-term viability of these policies, taking into consideration the structural shifts underway within China's economy-from an export-oriented growth model to one driven by consumption and innovation. Finally, the paper considers the challenges and limitations that China's export support measures face, such as the negative impact on resource allocation, overdependence on government subsidies, and environmental impact from intensive export growth. Against this background, the paper presents recommendations for improving China's export policy framework, with a focus on enhancing the efficiency, equity, and sustainability of support measures in the context of evolving global economic dynamics.