Data and code from: Widespread evolution of poricidal flowers: A striking example of morphological convergence across flowering plants

The evolution of tube-like floral morphologies that control pollen release via small openings (functionally poricidal flowers) represents a taxonomically and geographically widespread instance of repeated and independent evolution of a functionally similar morphology. Poricidal flowers are also often closely associated with buzz pollination by bees. Yet we lack an updated angiosperm-wide survey of their phylogenetic distribution. We identify all known angiosperm genera containing poricidal flowers via a literature survey. We determined their phylogenetic distribution and minimum number of independent gains and losses via a species-level angiosperm-wide phylogeny. We estimated if evolution of poricidal flowers is associated with changes in speciation/extinction via diversification rate analyses. Poricidal flowers occur across 87 angiosperm families and 639 genera containing > 28,000 species. At the species level, an average of 205 independent gains and 215 losses of poricidal flowers ..., , # Read Me

This folder contains data and code for: Widespread evolution of poricidal flowers: A striking example of morphological convergence across flowering plants by Avery Leigh Russell1, Rosana Zenil-Ferguson, Stephen Buchmann, Diana D. Jolles, Ricardo Kriebel, Mario Vallejo-Marn.

Rosana Zenil-Ferguson prepared and revised the code. For questions, please email [[e-mail]](mailto:[e-mail])
This code was aggregated in Oct 14th, 2025.

Description of folders

1. datasets.zip: Contains tabular separated value files with data on poricidality (0 non-poricidal, 1 poricidal, ? unknown)
2. rcode.zip: Contains R files for plotting diversification results and ancestral state reconstruction for log files that are the result of RevBayes analyses. In addition, this folder contains code to check for convergence of longer MCMC runs of HiSSE in the 30K angiosperm tree.
3. Rcode- contains R file and intermediate results for analysis of CoRHMM
4. results.zip: log files with the result...,