Proteome allocation of budding yeast under different growth rates

Metabolism is at the core of cellular function as it provides free energy and building blocks required for cellular growth, and it has evolved to contain extensive regulation to adjust the activity of each pathway to the cellular needs at a given time. Here we used yeast as model to study how flux through the metabolic network is controlled. Using a systems biology approach, where we combined multi-omics analysis with metabolic modelling, we could classify overall regulatory patterns in key cellular pathways. We conclude that whereas transcriptional regulation is dominant for most metabolic pathways, there is increased enzyme saturation for increased specific growth rates, but glycolysis stands out as having far more complex regulation, which involves both protein-phosphorylation and metabolite-enzyme interactions.