Olivine core and rim electron microprobe analyses for the January-March 2023 Halema‘uma‘u eruption of Kīlauea

The January-March 2023 Halema‘uma‘u eruption occurred within Kaluapele (Kīlauea’s summit caldera) beginning on January 5 and ending on March 7 (Mulliken et al. 2024). This eruption reoccupied a previously active vent in the western side of the lava lake, as well as opening additional new vents on the eastern side of the lake. Field crews from the U.S. Geological Survey’s Hawaiian Volcano Observatory collected two air quenched samples of January–March 2023 eruption spatter during field work in April 2023. One of those samples is the focus here – KS23-588 (see Lynn et al. 2024 for further sample metadata and chemical information), and was collected from within a publicly closed area of Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park in cooperation with the National Park Service. This data release provides olivine core and rim spot analyses from electron microprobe analytical work. The analyses were done on olivine crystals 0.5-2.0 mm in size picked from tephra samples (see Lynn et al. 2024 for additional sample and compositional information).

Lynn, K.J., Downs, D.T., Chang, J.M., Lundblad, S.P., Mills, P.R., McDade, B., Gansecki, C.A., Schmith, J., Decker, M.F.I., Zoeller, M.H., Deligne, N.I., Trusdell, F.A., Carr, B.B., Patrick, M.P., Parcheta, C., Nalesnik, A., Dietterich, H., Hazlett, R., Johnson, P.A., Gallant, E., Mulliken, K., Nadeau, P., Cappos, M., DeSmither, L., Peek, S., Damby, D., Dotray, P., van Helden, K., Shea, T., Hammer, J.E., Mourey, A., Loewen, M. (2024) Sample details and compositional data collected during the 2020-2023 Halema‘uma‘u eruptions of Kīlauea volcano, Island of Hawaiʻi. U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P1XFKKYH

Mulliken, K.M., Kauahikaua, J.P., Swanson, D.A., Zoeller, M.H. (2024) Chronology of recent volcanic activity on the Island of Hawai‘i, Hawaii: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9V3NQYB.