Transcriptomic and metabolic effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors on cellular components in renal cell tumor microenvironment and in Sunitinib resistant renal cell carcinoma [II]

Tumor microenvironmental cellular components like bone marrow cells stromal cells macrophages changes due to sunitinib resistance may affect their efficacy in advanced stage renal cell carcinomas. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been approved as 2nd line therapy over acquired resistance. Each ICI uniquely affected different cellular components. Better understanding of transcriptomic, metabolomic or proteomic changes due to ICI treatment is necessary to development proper immunotherapy. Overall design: Stromal cells were treated with two PD1 inhibitors ICIs (P: Pembrolizumab, Niv: Nivolumab) for 24hr and RNA was extracted after each treatment. Differential gene expression analysis of each of the treated samples was performed using RNA-seq.