Spatial complexity analysis and response strategies for residents' renewal needs based on urban health examination

Urban renewal in the New Era must center on residents' needs. Drawing on Maslow's hierarchy, this study develops a spatial complexity framework identifying three core features: multi-scale nature, spatial correlation, and urban heterogeneity. An urban health examination system bridges needs and strategies through a multi-scale diagnostic framework and large-sample data, enabling precise prioritization. Empirical case studies validate the framework: (1) multi-scale spatial analysis reveals hierarchical distributions of needs, from residential safety and comfort to citywide quality improvements; (2) bivariate local spatial autocorrelation uncovers cross-scale interactions between community barrier-free facility demand and residential elderly-adaptation needs; and (3) revealed preference analysis shows differentiated priorities across city types: megacities emphasize environmental quality and cultural preservation, medium-sized cities focus on infrastructure and security, and small cities prioritize equitable public services. Based on these insights, the study proposes a precision renewal strategy system featuring multi-scale interventions, cross-scale coordination, differentiated evaluation for heterogeneous cities, and dynamic feedback via smart technologies. This systematic framework and practical toolkit advance people-centered urban development, support the transition from large-scale demolition and reconstruction to precision micro-renewal, and promote high-quality urban development that responds to residents' diverse spatial needs.