哈拉湖-全球变化数据大百科辞条

哈拉湖，蒙古语意为“黑色”，故又称黑海。哈拉湖位于青海省德令哈市和天峻县境内，是我国第二大内陆高原咸水湖泊。地理位置为38&deg11′39″N - 38&deg24′54″N，97&deg24′5″E - 97&deg47′27″E，湖面海拔高度4081 m。哈拉湖位于柴达木盆地东北祁连山地之间，北邻疏勒南山，南接哈拉湖南山，东西有低矮丘陵分布。2015年，哈拉湖水面597.50 km&sup2，湖岸线长109.42 km。哈拉湖位于高寒山地气候区，年平均气温为-4℃左右，年平均降水量为200-300 mm，年平均蒸发量为2300 mm。水源补给依赖于周围哈尔科山、野牛脊山和疏勒南山的冰雪融水、降水及河道径流。哈拉湖周围主要植被有芨芨草、猪毛蒿、阿尔太针茅、冰草、木本猪毛菜、里海盐爪爪和牛漆姑草等；土壤类型为盐化草甸土、高山草原土、草甸草原土和高山寒漠土。该数据集是在Google Earth遥感卫星影像（2015年）及相关的地图基础上研发完成。数据集以.kmz和.shp格式存储，由15个文件组成，数据量为544 KB（压缩为2个文件，216 KB）。

Hala Lake, whose Mongolian meaning is 'black', is also called the Black Sea. Located within the jurisdictions of Delingha City and Tianjun County, Qinghai Province, China, it is the second largest inland plateau brackish water lake in the country. Its geographic coordinates range from 38°11′39″N to 38°24′54″N and 97°24′5″E to 97°47′27″E, with an elevation of 4081 m above sea level. Hala Lake lies between the northeastern Qilian Mountains and the Qaidam Basin, bordering the Shule Nanshan Mountains to the north and the Hala Lake Nanshan Mountains to the south, with low-lying hills distributed on its eastern and western sides. In 2015, the water surface area of Hala Lake was 597.50 km², and the shoreline length was 109.42 km. Hala Lake is situated in an alpine mountainous climate zone, with an annual average temperature of approximately -4°C, an annual average precipitation of 200–300 mm, and an annual average evaporation of 2300 mm. Its water supply depends on snow and ice meltwater, precipitation and river runoff from the surrounding Ha'erk Mountain, Yeniujishan Mountain and Shule Nanshan Mountains. The main vegetation around Hala Lake includes Achnatherum splendens, Artemisia scoparia, Stipa krylovii, Agropyron cristatum, Salsola arbuscula, Kalidium foliatum and Spergularia marina, etc.; the soil types are salinized meadow soil, alpine steppe soil, meadow steppe soil and alpine cold desert soil. This dataset was developed based on Google Earth remote sensing satellite images (2015) and relevant maps. The dataset is stored in .kmz and .shp formats, composed of 15 files, with a total data size of 544 KB (compressed into 2 files, 216 KB).

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集提供了中国第二大内陆咸水湖——哈拉湖（又称黑海）的2015年地理空间数据，包括其位置、面积、湖岸线、气候、水源、植被和土壤等详细信息。数据基于Google Earth影像和相关地图生成，以矢量格式存储，适用于地理和全球变化研究。