ASTEN: Global 1°x 1° Monthly Ocean Subsurface Temperature Dataset (1960-2022) Generated by Spatio-Temporal Interpolation

This product is a global ocean subsurface (5-1000 m) temperature dataset (ASTEN) reconstructed from 1960 to 2022 using spatio-temporal interpolation. The vertical interpolation and spatio-temporal interpolation in horizontal space were performed using ocean in-situ observation data after CODCv1 quality control. The high accuracy of the reconstruction is demonstrated by the independent validation set. Furthermore, our reconstructed temperature dataset has a good consistency in comparison with the international IAPv4, EN4 analyses, and ORAS5 model data, with a significant ocean warming trend.