Biogenic synthesis of gold nanoparticles using dual extract of tulsi–Vinca for breast cancer tumor regression in mice - supplementary material

<b>Aim: </b>This work aims to synthesize the gold nanoparticles (GNPs) using a dual extract of tulsi and <i>Vinca </i>(T<b>+</b>V-Gold) for breast cancer tumor regression. <b>Methods: </b>The GNPs were synthesized and characterized for their microscopic, spectroscopic and crystalline properties. Further, the GNPs were investigated for <i>in vitro </i>and <i>in vivo </i>studies for the treatment of the 4T1-induced triple-negative breast cancer murine model. <b>Results: </b>The GNPs for 4T1 tumor-challengedmice resulted in delayed tumor development and lower tumor burden, with T<b>+</b>V-Gold demonstrating the highest prevention of tumor spread. The antitumor effect of T<b>+</b>V-Gold is highly significant in the glutathione family antioxidants glutathione S-transferase and glutathione in tumor tissue samples. <b>Conclusion: </b>The bioefficacy and anticancer outcomes of T<b>+</b>V-Gold nanoformulation can be used as therapeutic agents, and drug-delivery vehicles.