Chronic Disease and Early Exposure to Air-Borne Mixtures. 2. Exposure Assessment

This work is part of a larger study of the impact of early
exposure to releases from industry on the etiology of cancer.
Releases from all kraft and sulfite mills, coke ovens, oil
refineries, copper, nickel, and lead/zinc smelters operating
in Canada during the exposure period of 1967−1970
have been determined. All plumes have been expressed
in μg BaP eq/d using the RASH methodology. The releases
have been divided into process, boiler fuel, dioxin, and
SO2 emissions. Combustion sources have been defined with
FIREv6.23. Dioxin congenors are expected in all source
types when the boiler fuel is heavy fuel oil, wood or wood
bark, or coal. All ∼90 communities examined have an
inverted sex ratio.