From theory to practice: A transtheoretical treatment and training model (4TM)

Background: In this paper, we present the conceptual background and clinical implications of a research-based transtheoretical treatment and training model (4TM). Method: The model implements findings from psychotherapy outcome, process, and feedback research into a clinical and training framework that is open to future research. Results: The framework is based on interventions targeting patient processes on a behavioral, cognitive, emotional, motivational, interpersonal, and systemic/socio-cultural level. The 4TM also includes a data-based decision support and feedback system called the Trier Treatment Navigator (TTN). Conclusion: We discuss important problems associated with clinical orientations solely based on one school of thought. We then contrast these concerns with a clinical and training framework that embraces ongoing research, serving as a guiding structure for process-based transtheoretical interventions. Such research-based psychological therapy can take both traditional and novel clinical developments as well as findings from psychotherapy research into account and be adaptively disseminated to a variety of patient populations. peerReviewed publishedVersion