DataSheet_1_Gut microbial change after administration of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei AO356 is associated with anti-obesity in a mouse model.docx

IntroductionThe status of an impaired gut microbial community, known as dysbiosis, is associated with metabolic diseases such as obesity and insulin resistance. The use of probiotics has been considered an effective approach for the treatment and prevention of obesity and related gut microbial dysbiosis. The anti-obesity effect of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei AO356 was recently reported. However, the effect of L. paracasei AO356 on the gut microbiota has not yet been identified. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of L. paracasei AO356 on gut microbiota and ensure its safety for use as a probiotic.MethodsOral administration of L. paracasei AO356 (107 colony-forming units [CFU]/mg per day, 5 days a week, for 10 weeks) to mice fed a high-fat diet significantly suppressed weight gain and fat mass. We investigated the composition of gut microbiota and explored its association with obesity-related markers.ResultsOral administration of L. paracasei AO356 significantly changed the gut microbiota and modified the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, and Oscillospira. Bacteroides and Oscillospira were significantly related to the lipid metabolism pathway and obesity-related markers. We also confirmed the safety of L. paracasei AO356 using antibiotics resistance, hemolysis activity, bile salt hydrolase activity, lactate production, and toxicity tests following the safety assessment guidelines of the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS).DiscussionThis study demonstrated that L. paracasei AO356 is not only associated with an anti-obesity effect but also with changes in the gut microbiota and metabolic pathways related to obesity. Furthermore, the overall safety assessment seen in this study could increase the potential use of new probiotic materials with anti-obesity effects.

引言：失调的肠道微生物群状态，即肠道菌群失调，与肥胖和胰岛素抵抗等代谢性疾病的发生密切相关。益生菌的使用已被视为治疗和预防肥胖及其相关肠道菌群失调的有效途径。近期报道了副干酪乳杆菌AO356（Lacticaseibacillus paracasei AO356）的减肥作用。然而，L. paracasei AO356对肠道菌群的影响尚未明确。本研究旨在阐明L. paracasei AO356对肠道菌群的影响，并确保其作为益生菌的安全性。方法：对高脂肪饮食的小鼠进行副干酪乳杆菌AO356的口服给药（每日每毫克含107个菌落形成单位[CFU]，每周5天，持续10周），显著抑制了体重增加和脂肪积累。我们研究了肠道菌群的组成，并探讨了其与肥胖相关标志物的关联。结果：副干酪乳杆菌AO356的口服给药显著改变了肠道菌群，并调节了乳杆菌、拟杆菌和梭杆菌的相对丰度。拟杆菌和梭杆菌与脂质代谢途径和肥胖相关标志物显著相关。我们还通过抗生素耐药性、溶血活性、胆盐水解酶活性、乳酸产生和毒性测试等方法，依据食品药品安全部（MFDS）的安全评估指南，证实了L. paracasei AO356的安全性。讨论：本研究表明，副干酪乳杆菌AO356不仅与减肥作用相关，而且与肥胖相关的肠道菌群和代谢途径发生变化。此外，本研究中的整体安全性评估有望增加具有抗肥胖效果的新益生菌材料的应用潜力。