World Ocean Atlas 2023

World Ocean Atlas 2023 (WOA23) is a set of objectively analyzed (one degree grid and quarter degree grid) climatological fields of in situ temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, Apparent Oxygen Utilization (AOU), percent oxygen saturation, phosphate, silicate, and nitrate at standard depth levels for annual, seasonal, and monthly compositing periods for the World Ocean. Quarter degree fields are for temperature and salinity only. It also includes associated statistical fields of observed oceanographic profile data interpolated to standard depth levels on quarter degree, one degree, and five degree grids. Temperature and salinity fields are available for seven decades (1955-1964, 1965-1974, 1975-1984, 1985-1994, 1995-2004, 2005-2014, and 2015-2022), for three thirty year "climate normal" periods (1971-2000, 1981-2010, and 1991-2020), and for an average of the seven individual decades (1955-2022). Oxygen fields (as well as AOU and percent oxygen saturation) are available using all quality controlled bottle, CTD, and profiling float data from 1965-2022 as well as a thirty year "climate normal" using bottle and CTD data for 1971-2000. Nutrient fields are available using all quality controlled bottle data from the entire sampling period between 1965-2022. This accession is a product generated by the National Centers for Environmental Information's (NCEI) Ocean Climate Laboratory Team. The analyses are derived from the NCEI World Ocean Database 2023.