Database supporting favourability models for Iberian lynx, wolf and brown bear spatial contributions to people in Spain

This repository contains the datasets collected during 2024–2025 and used to develop favourability models for the beneficial and detrimental contributions associated with the presence of the grey wolf (Canis lupus), brown bear (Ursus arctos), and Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) across mainland Spain. The data include survey-derived spatial information on municipalities where environmental rangers reported whether important beneficial and detrimental contributions associated with each species were perceived by rural society. The repository also includes the socioeconomic predictor variables used in the analyses. Predictor variables were obtained from publicly available sources and harmonised prior to modelling to a common spatial unit (municipalities) and coordinate reference system (EPSG:25830). The "data_sources" sheet provides the source, description, and definition of each predictor variable included in the analyses. The "rangers" sheet contains the municipality-level records indicating whether beneficial and/or detrimental contributions associated with each species were perceived as important for rural society. The "covariates" sheet contains the socioeconomic predictor variables used in the municipality-level favourability models.