COMPARATIVE HISTOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF NORMAL AND PATHOLOGICAL LIVER TISSUE UNDER LIGHT MICROSCOPY

The liver is a vital organ responsible for metabolic regulation, detoxification, and protein synthesis. Histological examination remains a primary method for identifying structural alterations associated with hepatic diseases. This study presents a comparative histological analysis of normal and pathological liver tissues using light microscopy. Paraffin-embedded liver specimens were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin and Masson’s Trichrome techniques. Microscopic evaluation revealed well-organized hepatic lobules, intact hepatocytes, and normal sinusoidal structures in healthy liver tissue. In contrast, pathological specimens demonstrated cellular degeneration, inflammatory infiltration, fibrosis, and architectural distortion. The findings confirm that histological assessment is essential for distinguishing normal hepatic morphology from pathological changes and plays a critical role in clinical diagnostics and disease monitoring.