Voting Behaviour - Knowledge from empirical studies

This file contains primary data for our study that compares voting behaviour under first-past-the-post, evaluative voting, approval voting and D21 – Janeček method on the primary dataset consisting of 31 elections in the Czech Republic and secondary dataset of 11 elections from various countries. Our analysis aims to explore how voters use multiple positive and negative votes and what effects these voting rules have on different types of candidates. We also focus on strategic voting and on the factors influencing the number of votes cast by a voter. Our data show significant disparities in use of negative votes under voting methods offering more resources than FPTP but not in the positive votes. Furthermore, there are more misaligned voters under those methods than under plurality voting, however the ratio of strategic votes is comparable. Last but not least, we find that these methods favour medium and unknown candidates instead of polarising and unpopular candidates like plurality voting.