Ancestral gestational exposure to widely used neonicotinoid thiacloprid leads to global DNA methylation alterations in spermatozoa in three generations of male mice [RNA-Seq]

Background: Neonicotinoids, a widely used class of insecticide that used is agriculture to control insect’s population, are serious public concern. Objectives: In this study, we examined the capacity of a neonicotinoid, thiacloprid (thia) to induce transgenerational effects in the male mice. Methods: The pregnant outbred Swiss female mice were exposed to thia at embryonic days E6.5 to E15.5 using “0”, and “6” mg/kg/day doses. We analyzed the gene expression in embryonic testis in first and third generation embryos.