Microbiota profile in feces of newborns treated with vitamin D

A total of 62 fecal sample from healthy infants were collected in Taiwan. Of the 62 infants, 31 were exclusively breastfed infants (BFI) and 31 were mixed- or formula-fed infants (FFI). Then for each two feeding types, there is a subgroup of infants who take additional vitamin D from supplements, 15 of breastfed infants (BFVD) and 20 of formula-fed infants (FFVD) with vitamin D supplementation, respectively. We performed a comparative metagenomic analysis to investigate the distribution and diversity of infant gut microbiota among different types of feeding regimes with and without vitamin D supplementation. Our results reveal that the characteristics of infant gut microbiota not only depend on the feeding types but also on nutrients intake, and demonstrated that the vitamin D plays an important role in modulating the infant gut microbiota, especially increase the proportion of probiotics in breast-fed infants.